the pollinators

• Annual ,Herb 
• Planted extensively along roadsides in Texas and Oklahoma, Praires, open fields, roadsides 
• State flower of Texas
• Low water requirement 
• Full sun 
• Dry Soil, Limestone/chalky, Sandy Loam, Limestone-based, Calcareous, Sandy, Medium Loam, Clay Loam, Clay, Caliche 
• Warning: Plants in the genus Lupinus, especially the seeds, can be toxic to humans and animals if ingested. Sensitivity to a toxin varies with a person’s age, weight, physical condition, and individual susceptibility. 
• Attracts: Butterflies , Larval Host: Hairstreak butterfly, Elfin butterfly
  Moderate Deer Resistant 
• Special Value to Native Bees & Bumble bees 

Located throughout the village of Salado

• Perennial, Herb 
• 1 to 2' high. Flowers 1 to 1.5 inches long on 2 to 3” spikes. 
• Appear in early spring, are profuse for a couple of months, and then continue sporadically through summer. 
• In the shade of cedar brakes and oak woods: shaded, rocky, limestone areas. 
• Low Water Use 
• Part Shade 
• Dry Soil 
• Heat Tolerant 
• Limestone-based, Sandy, Sandy Loam, Medium Loam, Clay Loam, Clay. In the wild, occurs almost exclusively in fine, rich, fast-draining juniper leaf mulch in areas of exposed limestone plant in dappled shade. 
• Flowers attract hummingbirds and butterflies 
• Nectar Source 
• High Deer Resistant 

Located at the SHS Cabins, Salado College Ruins, and Victorian Oaks Community gardens 

• Annual , Perennial,Herb 
• Up to about 2' tall. 
• On ledges along rivers, in thickets and groves and along arroyos on the  Edwards Plateau and in South Texas. Well drained sand, loam, clay,  caliche, limestone. 
• Low Water Use
• Sun , Part Shade , Shade 
• Moist Soil
• Cold & Heat Tolerant
• Attracts Birds 
• Nectar Source
• High Deer Resistant

Located at the SHS Cabins

•  Annual, Herb 
• Up to about 5’ tall
• High Water Use
• Sun , Part Shade, prefers moist, sandy soil. 
• Nectar for bees butterflies, insects, seeds for birds 
• High Deer Resistant 

• Perennial, Herb 
• Up to about 3’ tall
• Medium Water Use
• Sun 
• Dry Soil, Calcareous loams and clays. Found on dry, open sandy or limestone sites. 
• Attracts Birds 
• Nectar Source
• Not Deer Resistant 

• Perennial, Herb
  Up to about 3’ tall
• Well-drained sand, loam, clay, caliche, limestone. 
• Low Water Use 
• Sun , Part Shade 
• Cold & Heat Tolerant
  Fall aster creates dazzling purple mounds in the fall season. 
• Nectar Source for Monarch
• Special Value to Native Bees 
• Supports Conservation Biological Control

Located at the  IH35 Rest Area North & South Bound, SHS Cabins, Vistorian Oaks Community Gardens, Salado College Ruins

•   Perennial, Shrub 
• Normally no more than 3 ft tall but can reach 5 ft. 
• Rocky banks and floodplains of streams, and grasslands 
• Low Water Use 
• Sun, Part Shade 
• Dry to moist soil 
• Drought, cold, & heat Tolerance 
• Well-drained sand, loam, clay, caliche, limestone. Adapts to a wide variety of soils, from rocky slopes to open areas. 
• Flowers attract hummingbirds and butterflies. 
• Larval Host: Janais Patch, Texan Crescent spot 
• High Nectar Source
• High Deer Resistant 

Located at the  IH35 Rest Area North & South Bound, 

• Perennial, Herb 
• Up to about 2’ tall. 
• Medium Water Use
• Sun, Part Shade 
• Dry Soil, gravelly, calcareous soils. 
• Can be a good ground cover and spreads easily by roots. 
• Often attracts very impressive numbers of Queen butterflies in the Fall. 
• Attracts Butterflies 
• Larval Host Rawson's Metalmark
• Nectar Source Queen Butterfly

Located at the  IH35 Rest Area North & South Bound

• Perennial, Shrub 
• Up to about 6’ tall. 
• Rocky ravines; ledges; limestone hills 
• Sun, Part Shade 
• Dry Soil 
• Attracts hummingbirds, moths & butterflies. Butterflies and moths love the upright, fuzzy blooms, attracts large numbers of Monarch’s in the fall migration.
• Butterflies , Hummingbirds 
• Larval Host: Rawson's Metalmark 
• Nectar Source 
• Moderate Deer Resistant

Located at the  IH35 Rest Area North & South Bound, SHS Cabins, Vistorian Oaks Community Gardens, Salado College Ruins 

• Perennial, Herb 
• Up to about 3’ tall. 
• Dry, rocky slopes; sandy wash edges 
• Low Water Use
• Sun 
• Dry Soil 
• A steady source of pollen and nectar to honeybees and other insects.
  Special Value to Native Bees

• Perennial, Shrub 
• Up to about 10’ tall. 
• Found along streams, on the edges of woods, and on wooded limestone slopes and ledges. 
• Medium Water Use 
• Part Shade, Shade 
• Sandy, loamy, clay, and limestone soils. Moist, well-drained, woodland soils best. 
• Drought tolerant. 
• Prefers partially shady sites. 
• Nectar-hummingbirds, butterflies, moths, insects, Fruit-birds, 
• Attracts: Birds , Butterflies Hummingbirds 
• Nectar Source
• Moderate Deer Resistant

Located at the  IH35 Rest Area North & South Bound, SHS Cabins, Vistorian Oaks Community Gardens, Salado College Ruins 

• Perennial, Herb 
• Usually up to about 3’ tall, may reach 6 feet.  
• Medium Water Use 
• Part Shade 
• Moist and well-drained sand, sandy loam, loam, clay, and calcareous soils. 
• Prefers light shade and moist but well drained soil. Without supplemental water in summer, it may go dormant. 
• Fruit for birds 
• Caution: the fruit and leaves are toxic if ingested. 
• Attracts: Birds 
• Moderate Deer Resistant 

• Perennial 
• Up to about 3 feet tall. 
• Low Water Use
• Sun , Part Shade
• Dry to Moist Soil well drained
• long-lived, drought-tolerant, non-aggressive, and easy to grow. 
• Attracts: Butterflies
• Larval Host: Bordered Patch, Sierran Metalmark, 
• Lacinia Patch butterfly
• Nectar Source: yes
• Deer Resistant: Moderate

Located at the  IH35 Rest Area North & South Bound, SHS Cabins, Vistorian Oaks Community Gardens, Salado College Ruins 

• Perennial, Shrub
• Up to about 4 feet tall.
• Low Water Use
• Sun, Part Shade
• Dry Soil Prefers well-drained, limestone soils.
• Drought Tolerance, Cold Tolerant
• Attract hummingbirds. 
• Low Deer Resistant

Located at the  IH35 Rest Area North & South Bound, SHS Cabins, Vistorian Oaks Community Gardens, Salado College Ruins

• Perennial, Subshrub
• Deciduous
• Up to about 16 inches tall.
• Common in open grassy areas. Widespread throughout most of the state of Texas. Well-drained sand, loam, clay, caliche, limestone.
• Low Water Use
• Part Shade
• Dry to Moist Soil 
• Attracts Birds
• Nectar Source: yes
• Deer Resistant: High 

•  Perennial , Biennial 
• Deciduous
  Up to about 8 feet tall, often shorter
• Low to medium Water Use 
• Part Shade , Shade 
• Dry to Moist Soil 
• Well-drained, acid or calcareous loam 
• Attracts butterflies 
• Butterfly Nectar Source 
• High Deer Resistant 

• Perennial
• Up to about 20 inches tall. 
• Low Water Use 
• Sun , Part Shade 
• Soil Moist 
• Heat Tolerant 
• Sandy or rocky soils. 
• Butterfly Nectar Source
• Moderate Deer Resistant 

•  Annual 
• Up to about 2 feet tall. 
• Low Water Use 
• Sun 
• Dry Soil 
• Sandy loam or limestone soils. Clay
• Loam, Medium Loam, Sandy Loam, Sandy 
• Butterfly Nectar Source 
• Not Deer Resistant 

• Perennial 
• Up to about 10 feet tall Flowers 3 " 
• Low Water Use
• Sun 
• Dry to Moist soil 
• Prefers moist clay-like soil, but tolerant of a wide range of soils including Limestone-based, Sandy, Sandy Loam, Medium Loam, Clay Loam, Clay.
  This species is palatable to deer and numerous species of birds who eat the seeds. It is also a useful wildlife cover plant. 
• Attracts Birds 
• Butterfly Nectar Source 
• Moderate Deer Resistant 
• Special Value to native Bees & honey bees
  
   

• Perennial 
• Evergreen , Semi-evergreen 
• 8-12 inches tall spreading to 3 ' 
• Medium Water Use 
• Sun , Part Shade 
• Dry to Moist Soil 
• Well-drained, rocky or sandy soils
• Clay Loam, Medium Loam, Sandy Loam, Sandy, Gravelly, Calcareous, Acid-based. 
• Nectar-Bees 
• Attracts Butterflies 
• Butterfly Nectar Source 
• Minimal Deer Resistant 
• Special Value to Native Bees 

• Biennial 
• Up to about 6' tall, often shorter. 
• Medium Water Use
• Sun , Part Shade 
• Dry, sandy or rocky soils. Gravelly, Sandy, Sandy Loam, Medium Loam
• Attracts Hummingbirds 
• Butterfly Nectar Source 
• High to Moderate Deer Resistant  

•  Perennial 
• Up to about 4 feet tall. 
• Medium Water Use
• Sun , Part Shade 
• Dry Soil 
• Well-drained, sandy or richer soils.
• Echinacea spp. attract butterflies and hummingbirds. 
• Butterfly Nectar Source
• Not Deer Resistant 
• Special Value to Native Bees

• Perennial 
• Up to about 5 feet tall. 
• Part Shade , Shade 
• Moist, humus-rich soils. 
• Attracts Hummingbirds 
• Butterfly Nectar Source
• High Deer Resistant 

Planted at Victorian Oaks Community Garden

• Perennial 
• Deciduous 
• Up to about 1 foot tall, sometimes taller. 
• Low Water Use 
• Sun 
• Moist ,Wet Soil 
• Heat Tolerant 
• Attracts Butterflies 
• Minimal Deer Resistant

•  Perennial 
• Up to about 6 feet tall. 
• Moist, wood openings; mesic prairies; marsh edges 
• Medium Water Use 
• Sun 
• Butterflies frequent Gayfeather
•  Attracts Birds, Hummingbirds 
• Special Value to Native & Bumble Bees
  
  
  
   

• Perennial 
• Up to about 2 feet tall. 
• Low Water Use
• Sun 
• Dry to Moist Soil well-drained soils, rich or poor, dry or moist, disturbed or not: loams, clays, sand, caliche, rocky, or gravelly. 
• Seed capsules attract birds, especially finches, and various mammals. 
• Attracts Birds 
• Butterfly Nectar Source 
• High Deer Resistant 
• Special Value to Native Bees 

• Perennial 
• Shrub Up to about 20 inches tall. 
• Low Water Use
• Sun ,Part Shade 
• Dry Soil Well-drained, limestone soils. Rocky, Gravelly, Sandy, Limestone-based. 
• Attracts Hummingbirds 
• Butterfly Nectar Source 
• Minimal Deer Resistant
• Special Value to Native Bees   

• Perennial 
• Shrub Up to about 4 feet tall. 
• Low Water Use 
• Sun , Part Shade 
•  Dry Soil 
• Cold Tolerant
• Heat Tolerant
• Dry, rocky soils. Limestone-based, Sandy, Sandy Loam, Medium Loam, Clay Loam, Clay, Caliche type 
• Nectar for bees, butterflies, moths, insects, 
• Browse, Seeds-granivorous birds,
• Cover, Nesting site 
• Attracts Butterflies 
• Butterfly Nectar Source
• High Deer Resistant 

•  Annual , Perennial 
• Up to about 30 inches tall. 
• Medium Water Use 
• Sun , Part Shade , Shade 
• Dry to moist Soil Caliche type, Sandy, Sandy Loam, Medium Loam, Clay Loam
• Attracts Butterflies , Hummingbirds 
• Nectar for Hummingbirds, Bees, insects
• Butterfly Nectar Source 
• High Deer Resistant 

• Perennial 
• Up to about 3 feet tall. 
• Low Water Use 
• Sun
  Limestone soils. Calcareous, Limestone-based, Caliche type, Sandy, Sandy Loam, Medium Loam, Clay Loam, Clay. 
• Nectar-Hummingbirds, & Bees 
• Attracts: Butterflies , Hummingbirds 
• High Deer Resistant
• Special Value to Native Bees

• Perennial 
• Shrub 
• Up to about 6' tall, often shorter. 
• Low Water Use
• Sun 
• Dry Soil 
• Heat Tolerant 
• Poor, well-drained soils. 
• Attracts butterflies. 
• Attracts: Birds , Butterflies 
• Butterfly Nectar Source
• High Deer Resistant 

• Perennial 
• Up to about 3 feet tall. 
• Low Water Use 
• Sun
  Limestone soils. Calcareous, Limestone-based, Caliche type, Sandy, Sandy Loam, Medium Loam, Clay Loam, Clay. 
• Nectar-Hummingbirds, & Bees 
• Attracts: Butterflies , Hummingbirds 
• High Deer Resistant
• Special Value to Native Bees

• Perennial 
• Up to about 5 feet tall. 
• Medium Water Use 
• Sun , Part Shade 
• Dry to Moist 
• Drought Tolerance: Medium 
• Heat Tolerant: yes
• Thrives in a wide range of soils, from acid to lime to rich to poor to sand to clay. Less tolerant of flooding, but can take it in the winter. 
• Use Wildlife: Birds, Hummingbirds, Butterflies 
• Attracts: Birds , Butterflies , Hummingbirds 
• Butterfly Nectar Source
• High Deer Resistant 

• Perennial 
• 9 3/4 - 25 1/2 in (25-65 cm). 
• Low Water Use 
• Sun 
• Moist Soil 
• Cold & Heat Tolerant
• This is another member of the milkweed family that certain butterflies love. It can be found growing in rich or poor soils and blooms off and on over the growing season through the end of summer. Has a spreading, open growth form. Requires little water and full sun. 
• Warning: All plants in the genus Asclepias are probably somewhat toxic, some fatally so, to both humans and animals. 
• Attracts: Butterflies  & Monarchs
• Butterfly Nectar Source 
• High Deer Resistant 
• Special Value to Native, Bumble, & Honey Bees
  

• Perennial 
• Low Water Use
• Sun 
• Dry , Moist Soil
• Drought Tolerance: High 
• Soil Description: Prefers well-drained sandy soils. Tolerates drought.
  Warning: POISONOUS PARTS: Roots, plant sap from all parts. Not edible. Toxic only if eaten in large quantities. Symptoms include vomiting, stupor, weakness, spasms. Toxic Principle: Resinoid, cardiac glycoside. (Poisonous Plants of N.C.) 
• Attracts: Butterflies , Hummingbirds
  Larval Host: Grey Hairstreak, Monarch, Queens 
• Butterfly Nectar Source 
• High Deer Resistant 
• Special Value to Native Bees 
• Special Value to Bumble Bees 
• Special Value to Honey Bees 

• Perennial 
• Up to about 16 inches tall. 
• Native Habitat: Sandy or gravelly ground, prairies, ditches and fields. Can be poisonous to livestock. Prefers sandy, dry soil. 
• Sun 
• Dry Soil
  This member of the Milkweed family loves full sun and tolerates sandy, dry soils. Great for butterfly gardens. Purple tinge comes to upper leaves in full sun. 
• A well-documented larval host for Monarch butterflies.
  Warning: All plants in the genus Asclepias are probably somewhat toxic, some fatally so, to both humans and other animals. The sap of some, including Asclepias oenotheroides, causes skin irritation in humans. The word zizotes in this plant's common name is a Spanish term meaning skin sores. Sensitivity to a toxin varies with a person’s age, weight, physical condition, and individual susceptibility. Children are most vulnerable because of their curiosity and small size. Toxicity can vary in a plant according to season, the plant’s different parts, and its stage of growth; and plants can absorb toxic substances, such as herbicides, pesticides, and pollutants from the water, air, and soil. 
• Attracts: Butterflies 
• Larval Host: Monarch butterfly 
• Butterfly Nectar Source 
• High Deer Resistant